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本文在总结目前商业银行操作风险管理现状的基础上,阐述了建立操作损失数据库的必要性和意义内部数据对商业银行至关重要,然而内部损失数据总是不足的,有必要结合外部数据度量操作风险,尤其对于中国商业银行历史操作风险损失数据奇缺的情况。本文从国际银行界的角度总结了操作风险外部损失数据库的类型,分析了不同类型外部数据存在的内生偏差及可能的修正措施,提供了处理外部数据进行操作风险度量的思路。 相似文献
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Guantao Chen Yuping Gao Songling Shan Guanghui Wang Jianliang Wu 《Journal of Combinatorial Optimization》2017,34(2):426-432
Wu et al. (Discret Math 313:2696–2701, 2013) conjectured that the vertex set of any simple graph G can be equitably partitioned into m subsets so that each subset induces a forest, where \(\Delta (G)\) is the maximum degree of G and m is an integer with \(m\ge \lceil \frac{\Delta (G)+1}{2}\rceil \). This conjecture is verified for 5-degenerate graphs in this paper. 相似文献
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Online discount voucher market In the discount voucher market, customers usually face two types of valuation uncertainty, namely, preference uncertainty and consumption state uncertainty. Preference uncertainty is related to the customer's lack of relevant experience with the merchant, whereas consumption state uncertainty is related to the advance selling nature of the discount voucher mechanism. By taking a comprehensive perspective (i.e., considering revenue management and promotion effect at the same time), we find (i) no show of voucher buyers may not be a good thing for the merchant, especially for those large or start‐up ones; (ii) offering refund may always hurt the merchant's profit and the PayPal model may not be optimal in terms of maximizing social welfare; and (iii) market segmentation is not necessary for the profitability of promotion. 相似文献
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This article explores the relationship between stakeholder management and international diversification. We differentiate between strengths and concerns in stakeholder management to demonstrate the differential effects of the two aspects of stakeholder management. Previous research on stakeholder theory often focuses on the importance of stakeholder relations, trying to build a business case of relational capital that results from strong stakeholder management. Such a relational approach, however, overlooks the process of managing stakeholders, a process that allows firms with strengths in stakeholder management to develop an important capability of managing tensions. In this study, we argue that this capability, an inherent part of stakeholder management, can be critical when firms face increased complexity during the process of international diversification. We therefore propose that strengths in stakeholder management are positively related to international diversification, while concerns in stakeholder management are negatively related to international diversification. Using panel data for 169 US multinational firms over a 10‐year period, we find support that strengths in stakeholder management facilitate international diversification. We discuss the contributions of our findings to stakeholder theory and international business research. 相似文献
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以家用轿车行业为例,在明确品牌资产驱动因素的基础上,构建了多维度基于顾客感知的品牌资产测量模型及品牌资产测量指数,并利用品牌总效应感知图,对家用轿车行业的市场竞争结构和品牌竞争优势进行了分析.结果表明家用轿车品牌的品牌资产可由品牌权威、品牌认可、社会认可、功能绩效和相对费用优势等5个维度来测量,其中品牌认可、功能绩效和品牌权威是相对重要的品牌资产驱动因素.品牌资产指数的测量表明中国家用轿车存在3个品牌阵营,但从顾客感知的竞争定位上分析,大部分品牌在顾客心中并没有形成显著的差异定位. 相似文献
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Let Γ be a d-bounded distance-regular graph with diameter d≥2. In this paper, we construct two new classes of error-correcting pooling designs from the posets consisting of the subspaces
of Γ. 相似文献
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Huijuan Wang Bin Liu Xin Zhang Lidong Wu Weili Wu Hongwei Gao 《Journal of Combinatorial Optimization》2016,32(1):188-197
Let \(G\) be a planar graph with maximum degree \(\varDelta \ge 8\) and without chordal 5-cycles. Then \(\chi '_{l}(G)=\varDelta \) and \(\chi ''_{l}(G)=\varDelta +1\). 相似文献